An effective CFD analysis is not simply about running a simulation. It requires a clear workflow closely aligned with HVAC design objectives:
1. Define the evaluation objectives
Clearly identify the purpose of the simulation:
- Assess thermal comfort
- Evaluate ventilation effectiveness / air distribution
2. Build a CFD model that reflects reality
- Geometry of the space, furniture, heat sources
- HVAC systems (diffusers, AHU, FCU, etc.)
- Appropriate level of detail depending on the analysis objectives
3. Set boundary conditions and reasonable assumptions
- Airflow rate, supply air temperature
- Heat loads (occupants, equipment, lighting)
- Environmental conditions (outdoor climate, building envelope)
4. Analyze results within the occupied zone
Focus on areas where people actually stay:
- Air velocity
- Temperature
- Comfort indices (PMV, PPD if applicable)
5. Compare with standards (ASHRAE, ISO, etc.)
- Benchmark results against ASHRAE 55 or equivalent standards
- Determine whether comfort criteria are met
Important note
CFD should not be treated as a standalone step, but as part of an integrated HVAC design approach:
- Supports validation of design options
- Helps optimize diffuser placement, airflow rates, and air distribution strategies
- Should be combined with load calculations, equipment selection, and practical experience
👉 In other words: CFD is a decision-making tool, not the final goal.
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